Coriander farming is a lucrative business for farmers. Coriander is grown for both its fruits and its tender green leaves. Moreover, coriander is grown most extensively in Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Madhya Pradesh. Furthermore, we export coriander spice to other countries. As a result, it is a beneficial spice for our country’s economy.
Coriander Farming Tips
The coriander fruit has a pleasant flavour and a pleasant aroma. The fragrance and taste are due to the essential oil content, which ranges from 0.1 to 1.0 per cent in the dry seeds. We can use these essential oils in coca preparations, flavouring liquors, and masking odours in pharmaceutical preparations.
The curry powder’s main ingredients are dried ground fruits. We flavour foods like sauces, pickles, and confectionery with whole fruits. The new plant, as well as its leaves, are used to make chutneys and as seasonings in soups, curries, sauces, and chutneys. The fruits’ medicinal properties include tonic, carminative, diuretic, stomachic, and aphrodisiac properties.
Coriander is an annual herb that grows to a height of 30 to 70 cm. It has finely cut upper leaves with linear lobes, broad lower leaves with crenate margins, and small, pink or white flowers in compound terminal umbels. Fruits are yellow-brown, ribbed, and have two seeds that are schizocarp and globular. Ripe seeds are aromatic.
Soil and Climate
Coriander is an annual herb that is grown throughout the year except during the very hot seasons, i.e. March-May, for the leaf. Aside from that, it must be cultivated during a specific season for maximum yield. It must be grown in dry, cold weather that is free of frost, especially during the flowering and fruit setting stages. Cloudy weather can be harmful to flowers and the source of pest and disease outbreaks. Heavy rain can also have an impact on the crop. Coriander can be grown as an irrigated crop on almost any type of soil. However, the black cotton soil is ideal for coriander farming.
Varieties
There are many varieties of coriander available, but we have some high-quality varieties from the states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and Rajasthan.
- CO1
- CO3
- Gujarat Coriander-2
- CO2
- Gujarat Coriander-1
- Rajendra Swati
- Sadhana
- Rcr-41
- Swati
Preparation of Land
The field must be ploughed three to four times after rains to grow a rainfed crop. And the field must be planted as soon as possible to avoid clods and soil moisture. For irrigated crops, the area must be ploughed twice or three times, and beds and channels must be formed. For these tasks, mileage tractors such as the Powertrac 437 can be used.
Sowing
Farmers in northern and central India, as well as Andhra Pradesh, grow it as a Rabi season crop. As a result, they plant this crop between the middle of October and the middle of November. In certain pockets of the area, as mentioned earlier, it is occasionally grown as a late Kharif crop from August to September. Moreover, in the months of June-July and September-October, farmers in Tamil Nadu cultivate it as an irrigated crop. Coriander matures late in the first season and has an extended growth phase from January to February. Rainfed condition and growth during September-October during the northeast monsoon, and harvest during January-February.
This farming will use a seed rate of 10 to 15 kg per hectare. Seeds that have been stored for 15-30 days germinate faster and better than new seeds. To improve germination, soak seeds in water for 12 to 24 hours. Then, by rubbing the seeds, you can split them in half. It was usually done in rows 30 to 40 cm apart. The soil depth should be kept between 2 and 3 cm. In addition, germination occurs within 10 to 15 days of sowing.
You must prepare the land for sowing before you can sow. It is the work that determines your yield production or what your farm production will be. That is why you should choose a high-quality tractor such as the Powertrac 439 Plus.
Irrigation
After 3 days of sowing, rinse the field; after that, every 10 to 15 days, depending on the moisture of the soil. You must correctly irrigate the field so that water cannot be stored in the area.
Intercultural
You should start hoeing and weeding after about 30 days. Following that, you should be thinning the plants at the same time, leaving two plants per hill. Weeding one or two depends on the crop’s growth.
Harvesting and production
The crop will be ready for harvesting in 90 to 110 days, depending on the growth and variety of the crop. You can harvest the field when the fruits are fully ripe and begin to change colour from green to brown. However, you must avoid harvesting delays in order to obtain a fresh yield.
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