Jamun is an evergreen tree whose full-grown plant is 25 to 30 feet high. Once planted, its plant gives a yield of 50 to 60 years. Jamun is also known as Jamali, Rajman, Blackberry, and Kala Jamun. Its entire tree is used, but its fruits are more likely to be eaten. Apart from eating, berries are used to make various things like jellies, sherbet, jams and wine and other things.
Initially, its fruit is black, in which there is an anus of dark red colour. Due to the acidic properties in the fruit of Jamun, it is astringent in taste. By consuming its fruits, benefits are obtained in anaemia, diabetes, teeth and stomach related problems.
Suitable Soil for Jamun
Jamun can be cultivated in any fertile soil. But the land with proper drainage is considered suitable for the production of Jamun. Plants are not grown on rugged and sandy ground in their cultivation. The pH of the land in the cultivation of Jamun should be between 5 and 8. To maintain the soil quality for a long time, you can use Powertrac Euro 47 with related implements, providing higher production and profits.
Climate & Temperature of Jamun
Jamun plant is of temperate and tropical climate. Apart from the cold regions, Jamun plants can be grown anywhere. There is no significant effect of heat, cold and rain on its developed tree. But the frost that falls in winter is more harmful to the plants. The fruits on its plant ripen well in the rainy season, and there is no need for rain during flowering. Jamun plants initially require a 20-degree temperature to germinate, and an average temperature is necessary for plant development.
Fertilizers for Jamun cultivation
The complete grown plant of Jamun gives a a yield of 50 years. The field is prepared well before planting the seedlings in the area. First of all, the remains of the old crop are destroyed by the deep ploughing of the field. After ploughing the field, apply water to it and make it plough. A few days after pulverizing, a rotavator is used to break the earthen lumps in the area and make them friable. In this friable soil, the field is levelled by putting a pad.
After this, keeping a distance of 5 to 7 meters in the flat field, two feet deep and one-meter vast diameter pits are prepared for transplanting the plants. In these pits, many organic and chemical fertilizers have to be mixed in the soil and filled in the holes. Inorganic manure, 10 to 15 kg of old rotten cow dung, is mixed well in the ground and fill in the pits. After adding manure to the holes, they are intensely irritated.
Apart from this, the plants were initially given chemical fertilizers N. P.K. Also, the amount of 100 GM has to be sprayed on the plants thrice a year, and 50 to 60 doses have to be given four times a year to the fully grown plant.
Method of Seedlings
Transplantation of Jamun plants is done through seed and grafted seedlings. For this, farmers can prepare plants from sources in the nursery or buy plants from any government registered nursery. Plants purchased from the nursery should be 3 to 4 months old and healthy. Before planting these seeds in the area, they must be treated, reducing the risk of disease in the sources. For this process, you can use a Swaraj 855 as it is suitable for Jamun’s seedlings.
Apart from this, for seedling, you have to make a small pit and grow the plants in the prepared holes in the field. Then, after planting the plants in the pits, cover them well with soil.
The favourable temperature for transplanting its plants is considered the rainy season. Apart from this, you have to sow the bases before the rainy season if you have done sowing through seed. The sowing of sources can be done from February to the end of March.
Irrigation of Jamun Plants
Jamun plants require more irrigation in the beginning. During this, the first irrigation of plants is done immediately after transplanting. After that, the watering of Jamun plants is to be done once a week in the summer season, and water should be given at an interval of 15 days in the winter season. Initially, its plants have to be protected from the frost falling in winter, and during the rainy season, the plants need very little water. Full-grown plants require 5 to 6 irrigations in a year.
Weed Control on Jamun Plants
First, weeding is done 18 to 20 days after transplanting the Jamun crop. Its plants require only 7 to 8 hoeing in the initial year.
Jamun Harvesting Process
It takes 8 spots of rain for Jamun plants to produce. After one and a half months of flowering on its plants, fruits start coming. When the fruits on its plants have begun to appear purple and black, they should be harvested during that time. After plucking the fruits, wash them with water and clean them.
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